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Planning · Moderate risk

Retirement Accounts

401(k)s, IRAs and Roth accounts — the tax wrapper around your investments.

The account type decides how your gains are taxed. Traditional accounts defer tax; Roth accounts pay it up front.

The account type decides how your gains are taxed. Traditional accounts defer tax; Roth accounts pay it up front.

Employer matching is the highest-certainty return available to most investors.

Key concepts to master

  • 01.Total cost of ownership, including fund fees and platform fees
  • 02.Liquidity: when, and on what terms, you can get your money back
  • 03.Tax treatment and which account type this belongs in
  • 04.How this exposure overlaps with what you already own

Common mistakes

  • ×Sizing a position based on recent performance rather than a written plan
  • ×Confusing infrequent valuation with genuine stability
  • ×Ignoring the tax drag of frequent trading in taxable accounts